Take care when using Internet sites for primary sources. Most sources contain both primary and secondary texts. Be sure you have properly identified your document.
Search the NHGIS for Census Data
Census Data is available from the National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS) which provides, free of charge, aggregate census data and GIS-compatible boundary files for the United States between 1790 and 2022.
You can search for data based upon criteria you choose. You will need to create an account (It's free.) to download the tables.